ChiTumbuka
Chitumbuka ni chiyowoyelo chachi bantu choyowoyeka ku mpoto kwa Malaŵi na mu Boma la Lundazi ku manjililo gha dazi gha Zambia.
Chitumbuka chili m'cigaŵa ca viyowoyelo vimoza na Chicheŵa na chiSena (lochemeka Guthrie Zone N)
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| Ŵoyowoya | ŵaTumbuka, ŵaTonga, ŵaNgonde, ŵaLambya, ŵaNgoni |
| vyaru voyowoya | Malawi, Zambia |
| unandi wa ŵaku yowoya | 1,546,000 (2009-2010) |
| gaŵa la chiyowoyelo | Niger–Congo > Atlantic–Congo> Benue–Congo > Bantoid > Bantu > Nyasa > Tumbuka |
| ndondomeko ya kalembelo | Latin Mwangwego |
| mafupikisko | ISO 639-2: tum, ISO 639-3: tum,
Glottolog tumb1250, Guthrie N.21, |
Ŵakaswili ŵa viyowoyelo ŵa World Almanac mu 1998 ŵakati ŵo yowoya Chitumbuka Ŵalipo 2,000,000 kwe ŵanyake ŵakuti figala iyi njokhililapo.
Ŵanandi ŵoyowoya chiTumbuka ŵakukhala ku Malawi na Zambia. Chiyowoyelo ichi chikuyowoyeka na banthu bakuchemeka baTumbuka pela yayi chifukwa mitundu yinyake nga mbaNgoni ba ku Mzimba mu Malaŵi bakuyowoyaso chiTumbuka.
Ŵanandi Ŵoyowoya Chitumbuka mba Tumbuka iŵo ŵene ŵamu Malaŵi na ŵadoko ŵamu Zambia. Kweni mafuko nga ŵaTonga, ŵaNgonde na ŵaNgoni naŵo ŵakuyowoya Chitumbuka. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumpoto kwa Malaŵi ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyelo ichi.
Pali kupambana kuchoko pakati pa Chitumbuka cha ku misumba na icho cha Kukaya. Icho chikutoleka nga Chitumbuka Chenecho ni icho cha ku Boma la Rumphi.
Chitumbuka chikasuzgika pa ulamuliro wa Kamuzu, uyo kwambila 1968 wakapanga kuti chichewa chiŵe chiyowoyelo chekha chozomelezgeka cha m'Malaŵi ntheula Chitumbuka chikaleka kusambizgika m'Masuku, mawailesi yakaleka Chitumbuka ndiposo ŵa makani ya pa pepala ŵakaleka makani ya mu Chitumbuka.
Kwati kwiza demoklase ya ŵanthu bweka na vipani vinandi, Chitumbuka chikawelelako pachoko pa wailesi kwe mabuku yolembeka mu m'Chitumbuka yachali yachoko.
Maunenesko[edit | edit source]
Pala nthowa ziŵili zolembera Chitumbuka: mwachikaya (nthe mu makani gha pa pepala gha Fuko), umu mazgu nga 'banthu' na 'chaka' ŵakulembeka na 'b' na 'ch', na Malembelo ghozomelezgeka (nthe mu mung'anamuska mazgu wa Citumbuka na mu Mazgu gha Chiuta), umo vikulembeka na 'ŵ' na 'c', Ntheura: ŵanthu na caka. Nyengo zinyake polemba 'r' na polemba 'l', nthe cakulya panji cakurya pakumanyikwa makola chara.
'sk' na 'sy' (nthe miskombe na misyombe) naŵo ŵangasinthiskana
Kalembero[edit | edit source]
maVawelo Mavawelo gha Chitumbuka ni agha: a e i o u
Consonants Ma konsonanti gha chiTumbuka ghali nthe gha chicheŵa kupambana waka pachoko.
- Vilapi mchiTumbuka
- Kachande kadelele kakwendelana
- Kuyenda nkhuvina