Ndola

Coordinates: 12°58′S 28°38′E / 12.967°S 28.633°E / -12.967; 28.633
Kufuma Wikipedia
Ndola
City
Downtown Ndola
Downtown Ndola
Nickname: 
NoliNoli
Ndola is located in Zambia
Ndola
Ndola
Location in Zambia
Coordinates: 12°58′00″S 28°38′00″E / 12.96667°S 28.63333°E / -12.96667; 28.63333
Country Zambia
ProvinceCopperbelt Province
DistrictNdola District
Inception1904
Government
 • MayorSamuel Munthali
Elevation
1,300 m (4,300 ft)
Population
 (2018)
 • Total451,246
DemonymZimandola
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
ClimateCwa
Websitewww.cityofndola.gov.zm

Ndola ni msumba ukuru comene wacitatu mu Zambia ndipo ni wacitatu pa unandi wa ŵanthu, na ŵanthu 475,194 (kuyana na kalembera wa 2010), pamanyuma pa msumba ukuru wa Lusaka na Kitwe. Msumba uwu ndiwo ni msumba ukuru wa Copperbelt, ndipo ndiwo ukukolerana na migodi ya mkuwa. Ili pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 kufuma ku mphaka na DR Congo. Mu tawuni iyi ndimo muli sitediyamu ya Levy Mwanawasa.

A sign on the T3 Road depicting Ndola as The Friendly City

Mbili

Malo agho sono ni Ndola ghakaŵa na ŵanthu ŵa Lamba awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Chief Chiwala. Ŵanthu ŵa Lamba ŵakafuma mu ufumu wa Luba-Lunda cha m'ma 1600 ndipo tawuni ya Ndola yikaŵa pasi pa Chief Mushili kwa nyengo yitali kweni sono yili pasi pa Chief Chiwala uyo wakiza ku Lambaland pa nyengo ya malonda gha ŵazga kufuma ku Malawi. Zina lakuti Ndola lili kufuma ku mlonga uwo ukufuma mu mapiri gha Kaloko na kuthira mu mlonga wa Kafubu.[1]

Msumba wa Ndola ukazengeka mu 1904, na John Edward "Chiripula" Stephenson myezi 6 pera pamanyuma pa Livingstone. Pakwamba yikaŵa boma kweniso malo ghakuguliskirako malonda.

Mu 1907, misewu yikuru ya Railways ya ku Rhodesia yikafika mu tawuni iyi, ndipo yikendanga na ŵanthu m'paka ku Bulawayo kumwera.[2] Mzere uwu ukafika ku DR Congo ndipo kufuma kwenekuko ukakhwaskika na Benguela Railway ku Atlantic port ya Lobito (iyo yikatora katundu munyake wa mkuwa wa Zambia kwa vyaka vinandi na kulekeskeka kwa nyengo yichoko waka chifukwa cha kujara. Mzinda wa Ndola ndiwo ukapangiska kuti msumba uwu uŵe malo ghakupharazgirako. Pambere msewu uwu undazengeke mu m'ma 1930, msewu wakufuma ku Ndola kuluta ku Kapalala pa Mlonga wa Luapula, na kwendera boti kufuma kura kuya ku Mlonga wa Chambeshi ukaŵa nthowa yikuru yakwendeskera malonda ku Northern Province.

Mu 1961, ndege iyo yikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakuzirwa ŵa wupu wa United Nations, kusazgapo mulembi mukuru waŵiri wa wupu uwu, Dag Hammarskjöld, yikawa pafupi na Ndola.

Nyengo

Malo gha ku Ndola ghali na mphepo yakuzizima (Köppen Cwa).

Climate data for Ndola
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.7
(89.1) 		33.1
(91.6) 		32.0
(89.6) 		32.4
(90.3) 		32.0
(89.6) 		30.2
(86.4) 		30.5
(86.9) 		33.5
(92.3) 		35.5
(95.9) 		36.1
(97.0) 		38.5
(101.3) 		32.6
(90.7) 		38.5
(101.3)
Average high °C (°F) 26.6
(79.9) 		26.9
(80.4) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.5
(81.5) 		26.6
(79.9) 		25.1
(77.2) 		25.2
(77.4) 		27.5
(81.5) 		30.5
(86.9) 		31.5
(88.7) 		29.4
(84.9) 		27.0
(80.6) 		27.6
(81.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.8
(69.4) 		20.8
(69.4) 		21.0
(69.8) 		20.5
(68.9) 		18.6
(65.5) 		16.5
(61.7) 		16.7
(62.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.5
(72.5) 		23.7
(74.7) 		22.5
(72.5) 		21.0
(69.8) 		20.3
(68.5)
Average low °C (°F) 17.1
(62.8) 		17.1
(62.8) 		16.5
(61.7) 		14.4
(57.9) 		10.8
(51.4) 		7.9
(46.2) 		7.8
(46.0) 		10.2
(50.4) 		13.6
(56.5) 		16.2
(61.2) 		17.1
(62.8) 		17.2
(63.0) 		13.8
(56.8)
Record low °C (°F) 12.4
(54.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		7.5
(45.5) 		7.2
(45.0) 		3.8
(38.8) 		1.7
(35.1) 		0.7
(33.3) 		1.6
(34.9) 		6.7
(44.1) 		9.8
(49.6) 		11.7
(53.1) 		11.2
(52.2) 		0.7
(33.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 292.9
(11.53) 		249.0
(9.80) 		170.1
(6.70) 		45.5
(1.79) 		3.5
(0.14) 		0.7
(0.03) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.4
(0.02) 		2.9
(0.11) 		31.5
(1.24) 		130.3
(5.13) 		305.9
(12.04) 		1,232.8
(48.54)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 23 20 17 6 1 0 0 0 0 4 14 23 108
Average relative humidity (%) 82.5 83.0 79.7 73.4 65.9 61.1 54.6 46.6 40.9 47.3 64.9 80.4 65.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 151.9 142.8 192.2 243.0 279.0 276.0 297.6 297.6 279.0 269.7 207.0 158.1 2,793.9
Source: NOAA[3]

Makampani

Emerald wakufuma ku Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu Emerald District, Ndola. Kukula kwake 3.0 x 2.7 x 2.6 cm.

Legacy

Pa nyengo iyo, msumba uwu ukaŵa msumba ukuru comene wa Zambia, ndipo pakati pa malo ghanandi agho ghakaŵa na nkhongono zikuruzikuru, pakaŵa malo ghakusonkherapo magalimoto gha Land Rover, Dunlop Tire, Johnson & Johnson, na Unilever. Mu tawuni iyi muli mafakitale ghanandi agho ghali kujara. Makampani ghanyake agho ghakaŵa ghakupanga vyakuvwara na magalimoto ghamara. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵakughanaghana kuti Ndola ni tawuni ya mizimu yayi, kweni yikwenera kuzakaŵa na chuma chakukhora nga umo vikaŵira pambere 1980.

Refining

Ku Ndola kulije migodi, kweni migodi ya Bwana Mkubwa yili pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 pera kumwera ca kumafumiro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu. Pambere ŵandajare, mkuwa na visulo vyakuzirwa vikizanga kufuma ku malo ghanyake mu Copperbelt kuti vikatozgeke pa Ndola Copper Refinery and Precious Metals Refinery. Vinthu vya mkuwa ivyo vikuguliskika ku Zambia vikovwira kuti charu ichi chiŵe na ndalama zinandi.

Malo ghakupangira mafuta gha Indeni ku Ndola, ghakovwira kuti charu chose chiŵe na mafuta ghakutowa. Nyumba iyi yikanangika na moto mu 1999, ndipo yikanozgeka mu 2001. GL Africa Energy, kwizira mu kampani yake ya Ndola Energy Company Limited, yikupereka 105MW ya nkhongono ku National Grid ya Zambia. Magesi ghakupangika kufuma ku mafuta ghakunonkheska agho ghakupelekeka na kampani ya Indeni Petroleum.[4][5]

Commercial

Ku Ndola ndiko kuli nyuzipepara yinyake ya ku Zambia, yakucemeka The Times of Zambia, kweniso ku malo agha ndiko kuli nyumba yakusindikizgira mabuku yakucemeka Printpak. Mabuku agha ghakulembeka na kampani yinyake yakucemeka TimesPrintpak. Kweniso ku Ndola ndiko kuli nyumba yakusindikizgira mabuku iyo yikwendeskeka na tchalitchi la Katolika. Mission Press yikucita malonda.

Limestone

Ndola wali na malibwe ghakurughakuru agho ŵanthu ŵakugomezga kuti ndigho ghakupambanapambana chomene pa charu chose.

Pakati pa 1974 na 2009, Ndola wakapanganga simenti yakujumpha 50% ya Zambia kufuma ku fakitare iyo yikaŵa pa mtunda wa makilomita 5 kumwera kwa msumba uwu. Fakitale iyi yikacemekanga Chilanga Cement, Ndola Works. Pa nyengo iyi, kampani iyi yikaŵa Chilanga Cement plc. Chilanga Cement yikaŵa na mafakitale ghaŵiri mu Zambia: limoza likazengeka mu 1949 ku Chilanga (pantheura zina la kampani iyi) ndipo linyake likazengeka mu 1969 ku Ndola. Mu 2008, kampani yiphya yakuchemeka Lafarge Cement Zambia, yikamalizga kuzenga fakitare yiphya ku Chilanga, iyo yikeneranga kupanga vinthu vinandi kuluska ivyo vikaŵa ku Ndola Works. Kuzakafika pakati pa caka ca 2009, nchito yiphya iyi yikaŵa kuti yaluta panthazi comene, ndipo Ndola wakaŵa kuti wachali kucitako nchito ya simenti mu cigaŵa ici. Ndipouli, cifukwa ca malibwe ghakurughakuru agho ghakusangika mu msumba uwu kweniso nthowa za mendero izo zikwenda mu Ndola, msumba uwu ukuŵa wakukondweska comene ku ŵanthu awo ŵakukhumba kugura simenti.

Mu 2008 ŵakuzenga sitimanti yachiŵiri.[6] Mu Juni 2009, ŵapharazgi ŵa mu charu chose ŵakalemba makalata ghakulongosora umo ŵangasangira ŵanthu ŵakukwana kuti ŵagwirenge ntchito mu fakitare iyi.

Malo ghanyake ghakupangira malibwe agha ni Ndola Lime. Ndico cikupangiska Lime [Pakukhumbika ukaboni apa] mu Zambia. Malo agha ghali pafupi na malo ghaŵiri ghakupangira simenti. Likovwira ŵanthu awo ŵakuchita migodi kweniso ŵalimi awo ŵakukhumbikwira visulo. Kampani ya Ndola Lime yili na ZCCM Investment Holdings, kampani ya boma iyo boma la Zambia likugwiliskira nchito kuti likondweske migodi ya mu charu ichi.

Cultural Interactions

Makampani ghanayi (makampani ghakupangira simenti, makampani ghakupangira visulo na Bwana Mkubwa) ghali na wanangwa wakugwilira nchito migodi pa malo agho ghali pafupi comene na chigaŵa cha Chiwala. Ntheura Chief Chiwala ni munthu wakuzirwa chomene mu vyamalonda na chuma cha Ndola.

Magesi

Kampani ya ku Egypt Elsewedy Electric yikajibatika ku wupu wa makampani gha ku Zambia (ZESCO Ltd) ndipo yikakhazikiska kampani ya kupanga ma transformer na ma electrical meter ku Zambia mu 2008. Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa makilomita 5 kumwera kwa msumba wa Ndola.

Mayendelo

Msumba uwu uli na vigaŵa vya Cape to Cairo Railway. Boma la Zambia Railways lili na siteshoni ya njanji ku Ndola, ndipo likwendeska katundu na ŵanthu ku msumba wa Kitwe kumpoto kwa charu ichi. Sitima za katundu (Cape to Cairo Railway) zikudukira ku matauni ghanyake gha Copperbelt na kufuma ku Ndola kuya ku Lubumbashi mu DR Congo kwizira ku Sakania.[7]

Ndola wali pa mseu wa T3, uwo ukukolerana na Kitwe kumpoto-kumanjiliro gha dazi (nga ni mseu wa magalimoto ghaŵiri) na Kapiri Mposhi na Lusaka kumwera. Msewu wa M4 ukuyaniska Ndola na Mufulira (na Congo Pedicle) kumpoto.

Ndege ya Old Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe International Airport

Msumba uwu uli mu vigaŵa vya Cape to Cairo Railway. Boma la Zambia Railways lili na siteshoni ya njanji ku Ndola, ndipo yikutumizga katundu na ŵanthu ku msumba wa Kitwe kumpoto kwa charu ichi. Sitima za katundu (Cape to Cairo Railway) zikuluta ku matawuni ghanyake gha ku Copperbelt na kufuma ku Ndola kuluta ku Lubumbashi mu DR Congo kwizira ku Sakania

Sport and recreation

Nga umo vikaŵira na matawuni ghanandi gha ku Copperbelt, umoyo wa vyamaseŵera na vyakusanguluska wa Ndola ukakhozgeka chomene na kampani ya migodi yakuchemeka Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines Ltd (ZCCM). ZCCM yikati yamara, malo ghanandi ghakanangika luŵiro. Ndipouli, malo ghakuzirwa gha maseŵero agha ni Ndola Tennis Club (membership), Ndola Swimming Pool (public), malo gha Kanini (pafupifupi makilomita 3 kufuma ku msumba ndipo kuli maseŵero ghanandi gha maseŵero gha maseŵero na malo ghaseŵero nga Ndola Wanderers Football Club, rugby club, na ghanyake). Pafupi na mtunda wa makilomita 10 kumpoto ca kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu, pali msewu uwo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kwenda pa njinga za moto.[8]Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanandi ghakupumulirapo agho ghali na malo ghakutowa chomene ndipo ŵanthu ŵangasendelera. Malo ghakuzirwa chomene agha ni Dag Hammarskjöld Crash Site Memorial, agho ghali pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 kumanjiliro gha dazi na kumpoto kwa msumba wa Ndola. Sitediyamu ya Dag Hammarskjöld, iyo yikaŵa mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Kafubu kumwera kwa msumba uwu, yikaparanyika mu ma 1980. Mu malo ghake, kumpoto ca kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu, mukuŵa Sitediyamu ya Levy Mwanawasa, iyo yikukwana ŵanthu 50,000. Ndola ni muzi wa Zesco United, timu ya ku Zambia Premier League. Zesco FC ŵakumucema kuti "team ya ziko", panji kuti timu ya caru mu ciyowoyero ca Nyanja.

Malo gha ku mizi

  • Bwana Mkubwa
  • Chifubu
  • Chipulukusu
  • Dola Hill
  • Hill Crest
  • Itawa
  • Kabushi
  • Kaloko
  • Kanini
  • Kansenshi
  • Kawama
  • Lubuto
  • Masala
  • Minsundu
  • Mushili
  • Ndeke
  • Northrise
  • Nkwazi
  • Pamodzi
  • Twapia

Masambilo

Yunivesite ya Northrise yikambika mu 2003.

Maofesi ghanyake agho ghali mu Ndola ni agha:

  • Chifubu High School
  • Copperbelt Nursing Polytechnic[9]
  • The Copperbelt University School of Medicine[10]
  • Itawa Basic School
  • Kansenshi Basic School
  • Kansenshi Secondary School
  • Lubuto Secondary School
  • Masala Secondary School
  • Ndola College of Biomedical Sciences[11]
  • Ndola Primary
  • Ndola Technical School
  • Northern Technical College[12]
  • National Institute of Public Administration (NIPA),Ndola campus
  • Northrise Primary School
  • St. Andrews High School[13]
  • Temweni High School

Mwambo

Nyumba Yakusungiramo Vinthu Vyakupatulika ya Copperbelt, iyo yili na vinthu vyakuzirwa vya ku Copperbelt.

Malo ghachoko waka agho ghakusangika na madamu pa milonga ya Kafubu na Itawa agho ghakwenda kumwera kwa tawuni iyi, ghakugwiliskirika ntchito pakukwera boti na vyakusanguluska.

Malo ghakukhazikiskira magesi agho ghakaŵa pafupi na siteshoni ya sitima, ghakaleka kugwira ntchito mu ma 1960 apo ŵakazenganga Kariba Dam.

National monuments

The Mukuyu Slave Tree (in Ndola, Zambia
  • Khuni la ŵazga panji Mukuyu Slave Tree uko ŵamalonda ŵa ŵazga ŵa ku Arabia ŵakachitanga misika ya ŵazga mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800 (khuni la mukuyu ni khuni la mkuyu). Ŵakawa cifukwa ca "vibungu".
  • Chiphikiro cha Dag Hammarskjöld chili pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba, kufupi na msewu wa Ndola/Kitwe.
  • Chiziŵa cha Chilengwa chili pa mtunda wa makilomita 14 kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Ndola pa 12°58' S 28°45' E, chikapangika chifukwa cha kubwanganduka kwa jalawe ilo likaŵa mu mphanji ya malibwe gha malibwe, ndipo chili na kuzirwa kwa mitheto.

Malo ghakusoperapo

Pa malo agha pali visopa vinandi vya Cikhristu: Roman Catholic Diocese of Ndola (Chisopa ca Katolika), United Church in Zambia (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Reformed Church in Zambia (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Baptist Fellowship of Zambia (Baptist World Alliance), Assemblies of God.[14] Paliso masisiteri gha Cisilamu.

Msumba wa ŵadumbu

Wonaniso

Ukaboni

  1. ↑ "How The City Of Ndola Got Its Name". 24 November 2016. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  2. ↑ Britannica, Ndola, britannica.com, USA, accessed on June 30, 2019
  3. ↑ "Ndola MET Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
  4. ↑ "Great Lakes Africa Energy | Our Projects". www.glaenergy.com. Retrieved 2017-04-05.
  5. ↑ "Great Lakes Africa Energy | Our Projects". www.glaenergy.com. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
  6. ↑ "Mmegi Online :: Nigerian magnate invests in Kafue cement plant". 27 April 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  7. ↑ Terracarta/International Travel Maps, Vancouver Canada: "Zambia, 2nd edition", 2000
  8. ↑ Galpin, Darren. "Ndola". GEL Motorsport Information Page. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  9. ↑ "Copperbelt Nursing Polytechnic Ltd". Archived from the original on 2017-01-09. Retrieved 2017-01-08.
  10. ↑ "School of Medicine". Archived from the original on 2012-03-17.
  11. ↑ "Biomedical College – Defining Biomedical Science".
  12. ↑ "Northern Technical College (NORTEC) – Creative Minds and Hands".
  13. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20200306075822/http://educatezambia.com/listing/st-andrews-high-school-ndola/ [bare URL]
  14. ↑ Britannica, Zambia, britannica.com, USA, accessed on July 7, 2019

Vigaŵa vya kuwaro

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ndola.
  • Ndola travel guide from Wikivoyage

12°58′S 28°38′E / 12.967°S 28.633°E / -12.967; 28.633

Kufuma ku "https://tum.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ndola&oldid=76283"