Lithyamu

Kufuma Wikipedia


Lithium, 3Li
Lithium paraffin.jpg
Lithium floating in oil
Lithium
Pronunciation /ˈlɪθiəm/ (LITH-ee-əm)
Appearance silvery-white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Li)
  • [6.9386.997]
  • 6.94±0.06 (abridged)[1]
Lithium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
H

Li

Na
heliumlithiumberyllium
Atomic number (Z) 3
Group group 1: hydrogen and alkali metals
Period period 2
Block   s-block
Electron configuration [He] 2s1
Electrons per shell 2, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP solid
Melting point 453.65 K ​(180.50 °C, ​356.90 °F)
Boiling point 1603 K ​(1330 °C, ​2426 °F)
Density (near r.t.) 0.534 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.) 0.512 g/cm3
Critical point 3220 K, 67 MPa (extrapolated)
Heat of fusion 3.00 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization 136 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity 24.860 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 0[2], +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity Pauling scale: 0.98
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 520.2 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 7298.1 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 11815.0 kJ/mol
Atomic radius empirical: 152 pm
Covalent radius 128±7 pm
Van der Waals radius 182 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of lithium
 Category: Lithium
| references

Lithyamu (Lithium) ni chimoza mwa visungunu icho chili na chimanyikwiro cha 'Li' na chipenda-atomu cha 3. 

Ukaboni[lemba | kulemba source]

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Lithium". CIAAW. 2009.
  2. Li(0) atoms have been observed in various small lithium-chloride clusters; see Milovanović, Milan; Veličković, Suzana; Veljkovićb, Filip; Jerosimić, Stanka (October 30, 2017). "Structure and stability of small lithium-chloride LinClm(0,1+) (n ≥ m, n = 1–6, m = 1–3) clusters". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (45). doi:10.1039/C7CP04181K.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.