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Ivana Trump

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Ivana Trump
Trump mu 2007
Born
Ivana Marie Zelníčková

(1949-02-20)February 20, 1949
Gottwaldov, Fourth Republic of Czechoslovakia (sono Czechia)
DiedJuly 14, 2022(2022-07-14) (aged 73)
New York City, U.S.
Burial place
Trump National Golf Club Bedminster
Citizenship
  • Czechoslovakia (m'paka 1993)
  • Czech Republic (kwambira 1993)
  • Austria (kwambira 1973)
  • Canada (kwambira 1978)
  • United States (kwambira 1988)
EducationCharles University
Occupations
  • Mwamalonda mwanakazi
  • munthu wakumanyikwa mu vyaru
  • model
  • wakupanga mapangiro
  • mulembi
Years active1970–2022
Spouses
  • Alfred Winklmayr
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1971; ŵakapatukana 1973)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1977; ŵakapatukana 1990)​
  • Riccardo Mazzucchelli
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1995; ŵakapatukana 1997)​
  • Rossano Rubicondi
    ​
    ​
    (m. 2008; ŵakapatukana 2009)​
PartnerRoffredo Gaetani (1997–2005; nyifwa yake)
Children

Ivana Marie Trump (née Zelníčková;[lower-alpha 1] February 20, 1949 – July 14, 2022) wakaŵa mubizinesi, munthu wakumanyikwa pa umoyo wa ŵanthu, kweniso wakuwoneska mafashoni wa ku Czech na America. Wakakhala ku Canada m'ma 1970 pambere wandasamire ku United States na kutorana na Donald Trump mu 1977. Wakagwira maudindo ghakuru gha ulongozgi mu Trump Organization, nga ni muteŵeti mukuru wakuwona vya kapangidwe ka mukati mwa nyumba, CEO na pulezidenti wa Trump's Castle casino resort, kweniso mulaŵiliri wa Plaza Hotel.

Ivana na Donald Trump ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene mu gulu la ŵanthu la ku New York m'ma 1980. Kupatukana kwawo kwa nthengwa, uko kukazomerezgeka mu 1990, kukalembeka chomene mu nkhani za manyuzipepala na vyakupharazga.[lower-alpha 2] Pamanyuma pa kupatukana, wakambiska malonda ghake gha vyakuvwara, vyakujitozgera vya mafashoni, na vinthu vya kutoweska ivyo vikaguliskikanga pa QVC UK na Home Shopping Network. Wakalembanga ndime ya ulongozgi mu Globe yakucemeka "Ask Ivana" kwambira mu 1995 mpaka 2010, ndipo wakafumiska mabuku ghanandi, kusazgapo mabuku gha nthano, gha munkhwala, gha kujovwira wekha, kweniso mbiri yake yakujilemba Raising Trump.

Umoyo wakwambilira

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Ivana Marie Zelníčková[lower-alpha 1] wakababikira pa February 20, 1949, ku Gottwaldov, Czechoslovak Republic (sono Zlín, Czech Republic), mwana wa Miloš Zelníček (1927–1990) na Marie Zelníčková (née Francová, b. 1926).[2][3][4] Wakakulira mu mbumba ya Chikatolika.[5] Adada ŵake ŵakaŵa injiniya wa magetsi ndipo anyina ŵakagwiranga ntchito ya kulongozga mafoni.[6] Adada ŵake ŵakamulimbikiskanga mwana wawo kuti walutilire luso lwake lwa kusereŵera ski, ilo wakamba ali na vyaka vinayi.[6][7] Pamanyuma pakuti waŵa na luso lwa kusereŵera ski, Ivana wakanjira mu timu ya charu ya ŵawukirano ya kusereŵera ski, iyo yikamupa mwaŵi wakwenda kuwaro kwa mphaka za Chikomyunizimu za nyengo ya Soviet za icho pa nyengo iyo chikachemekanga Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.[6] Wakasambira pa Charles University ku Prague ndipo wakapokera digiri ya master's mu masambiro gha thupi mu 1972.[8][7] Mu 1970, Ivana wakawoneka pa Czechoslovak Television mu sewero la pa TV la ŵana Pan Tau.[9]

Munthu munyake wa (StB) uyo wakagwiliskiranga ntchito zina lakubisika lakuti Lubos wakaphalira ŵalara ŵake mu 1977 umo Ivana wakambira ntchito pa malo ghakuguliskirako mafuta ku Austria, uko wakakumanako na mfumu wake wakwamba mu 1968. Pamanyuma wakasamukira ku Canada, uko wakatorana na Trump.[10]

Mu 1988, Ivana wakaphalira ŵapharazgi kuti wakasankhika kuŵa wakusinthira munyake mu timu ya ski ya Czechoslovakia pa Maseŵera gha Nyengo ya Chihanya gha 1972, ndipo wakamanyikwanga pa downhill na slalom.[7][11] Ndipouli, Czechoslovakia yikatuma ŵanakazi ŵanayi pera ku Maseŵera gha Nyengo ya Chihanya gha 1972 ndipo pakaŵavya uyo wakaseŵeranga alpine ski. Mu 1989, Petr Pomezný, Mlembi Mukuru wa Komiti ya Olimpiki ya Czechoslovakia, wakakana ivyo Ivana wakayowoya ndipo wakati nangauli ŵakapenja chomene, pakaŵavya ukaboni uliwose wakuti wakachitako nawo.[8] Mu 2021, Snopes yikakhozgera kuti Czechoslovakia yindatume ŵanakazi ŵakuseŵera alpine ski ku Maseŵera gha Nyengo ya Chihanya gha 1972.[12]

Kusamukira ku Canada

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Mu 1971, Ivana wakatorana na Alfred Winklmayr, musambizgi wa ski wa ku Austria kweniso mubwezi wake wakaŵavya chitemwa, kuti wapoke pasipoti.[13][14][15] Nthengwa iyi yikamupa wanangwa wakufuma mu Czechoslovakia kwambura kumanyikwa mwakuti walutilire kuŵa na wanangwa wakuwelera kukawona ŵapapi ŵake.[13][16][14][17] Nga ni Ivana Winklmayr, wakapokera pasipoti yake ya ku Austria mu Malichi 1972.[15] Mu Ogasiti 1973,[18] wakapokera chisudzulo cha nthengwa kwambura kuŵapo na Alfred Winklmayr ku Los Angeles, California, uko wakasamukira kukasambizga ski.[13][16][15]

Ivana wakaŵa pa ubwezi wa chitemwa na mulembi wa mazgu gha sumu na maseŵero Jiří Štaidl [cs], uyo wakafwa mu ngozi ya galimoto mu 1973.[19] Pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya Štaidl, Ivana wakasamukira ku Canada, uko wakakhalanga na George (Jiří) Syrovátka uyo wakaŵa nayo pa chitemwa kwambira mu 1967; Syrovátka wakachimbira ku Canada mu 1971 ndipo wakaŵa mwini wake wa sitolo ya vinthu vya ski ku Montreal.[16][13][17] Pa nyengo iyo, wakayowoyanga kuti wakatorana na Syrovátka, kweni ŵaŵiri aŵa ŵakatorananga yayi.[20][21] Ivana wakagwiranga ntchito ya kusambizga ski apo wakakhalanga ku Canada.[22] Wakakhala ku Montreal kwa vyaka viŵiri, uko wakalutilira kusazgirako luso lwake lwa Chingelezi kwizira mu masambiro gha usiku pa McGill University.[17] Apo wakagwiranga ntchito ya kuwoneska mafashoni, Ivana wakaphalira Montreal Gazette mu 1975 kuti wakawonanga kuwoneska mafashoni kuŵa ntchito pera, yayi ntchito ya umoyo wake wose.[23] Ŵanthu awo ŵakamulemba ntchito yakuwoneska mafashoni ŵakasazgapo sitolo ya Eaton's na mlengi wa mafashoni Auckie Sanft, kweniso ntchito zakupharazga za Maseŵera gha Chihanya gha Olimpiki gha 1976 ku Montreal.[17]

Nthengwa na Donald Trump

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Ivana na Donald Trump pa mzere wakupokelera ŵalendo pa chakurya cha boma cha Themba Fahd of Saudi Arabia mu 1985, pamoza na mlongozgi wa United States Ronald Reagan na Mama Wakwamba Nancy Reagan

Ivana wakaŵa mu Msumba wa New York pamoza na gulu la ŵamodel mu 1976 apo wakakumana na Donald Trump.[17] Pa Epulero 9, 1977, ŵakatorana pa Marble Collegiate Church pa ukwati uwo ukalongozgekanga na Norman Vincent Peale.[24][25][26][27][28] Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980, ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene mu nyuzipepala za mphekesera za mu New York ndipo ŵakagwiranga ntchito lumoza pa mapulojekiti ghanandi ghakuru, kusazgapo Trump Tower pa Fifth Avenue mu Manhattan, kunozga Grand Hyatt Hotel mu Msumba wa New York, kweniso kuzenga Trump Taj Mahal Casino Resort mu Atlantic City, New Jersey.[29][30]

Ivana (kuwoko lamalyero) na Estée Lauder pa phwando la Red Cross ku Palm Beach mu 1986
Ivana wakupokelera Mama Wakwamba Barbara Bush mu 1990

Pa nyengo ya nthengwa yawo, Ivana na Donald ŵakaŵa na ŵana ŵatatu: Donald Jr. (wakababika mu 1977), Ivana (Ivanka) Marie (wakababika mu 1981), na Eric (wakababika mu 1984). Donald Jr. wakasambira kuyowoya makora Chiyekesi (na wovwiri wa sekuru ŵake wa ku amama), apo Ivanka wakasambira waka pachoko chiyowoyero cha amama ŵake, ndipo Eric wakasambira yayi chiyowoyero ichi chifukwa ŵasekuru ŵake ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito Chingelezi mwakufwatuka.[31][32]

"Apo wakaŵa wachali kutengwa na (redacted) ndipo panyake wakakhalanga ku Austria, wakazgoka mwanangwa wa Austria mu 1972. Chaka chimoza kufuma apo wakatoranira na Trump, wakazgoka mwanangwa wa Canada. Ndipo myezi yinkhondi pamanyuma pake wakapokera chilolezo chakukhalira kwamuyirayira mu United States."[33]

Mulembi munyake uyo wakawona filimu ya pa Netflix ya 2018 yakucemeka Trump: An American Dream, wakalongosora Ivana kuti "wakaŵa mwanakazi wakukopa, wakutemwa ntchito, wakulondezga ntchito yake, ndipo wakaŵa wakuyana", kweniso munyake wa umoyo uyo Trump wakamusankha mwadala kuti "wagwirenge nayo ntchito na kumususkanga".[34]

Nthengwa ya a Trump iyo yikaŵa na masuzgo yikazgoka nkhani yakumanyikwa chomene pa nyengo ya maholide gha Khisimasi mu 1989, apo ŵakawoneka ŵakukwesana pamanyuma pakuti Ivana wakasangana na mubwezi wa Donald, Marla Maples.[35] Chicago Tribune yikaphalira kuti kufika mu Febuluwale 1990, Donald wakajara Ivana kuwaro kwa ofesi yake pa Plaza Hotel, ndipo pakaŵa nkhondo ya malango pa unenesko wa mapangano ghanayi gha vyakukolerana pambere ŵandatore agho ŵakachitanga pa vyaka vinandi.[35]

Mu Okutobala 1990, awiske ŵa Ivana ŵa vyaka 63, Miloš Zelníček, ŵakafwa mwamabuchi chifukwa cha matenda gha mtima. Kuyana na The Guardian, awiske ŵake ŵakaŵa muphaliri wa Státní bezpečnost (StB), intelligence service ya Czechoslovakia, ndipo ŵakatumizganga uthenga uwo ŵakapokeleranga kwa mwana wawo, kusazgapo kulaŵiska makora kuti George H. W. Bush wazamathereska pa visola vya mlongozgi wa United States mu 1988.[36] Nangauli nthengwa yawo yikaŵa na masuzgo ndipo ŵakaŵa pafupi kupatana, Donald wakimilira nayo pamoza pa nyifwa ya awiske ŵake ku Zlín[37] iyo yikachitika mu Novembala 1990.[36]

Nkhani ya kupatana kwa a Trump yikamanyikwa pa charu chose chapasi.[38] Nkhani iyi yikaŵa pa peji lakwamba la manyuzipepala gha mphekesera gha mu New York kwa mazuŵa 11 ghakulondezgana, ndipo yikaŵa nkhani yikuru iyo mulembi wa nkhani za ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa Liz Smith wakalemba kwa myezi yitatu yose.[39] Mu ukaboni uwo wakapelekeka pa mulandu wa kupatana kwawo, Ivana wakapa mulandu Donald kuti wakamuchitiya nkhaza za kugonana.[40] Mu buku la Harry Hurt lakucemeka Lost Tycoon: The Many Lives of Donald J. Trump, wakazomera kuti "wakajipulika kuti wasuzgika". Ndipouli, mu mazgu agho ghakapelekeka na Donald na maloya ŵake, Ivana wakati nangauli wakagwiliskira ntchito lizgu lakuti rape, wakakhumbanga yayi kuti "mazgu ghake ghapulikikenge mu nthowa yaunenesko panji ya mulandu wa boma".[41] Kupatana kwawo kwambura kususkika kukazomerezgeka mu Disembala 1990 chifukwa cha nkhaza na kuchitikirika viheni na Donald.[38][42] Ivana wakeneranga kusayina non-disclosure agreement nga ni chigaŵa cha phangano la kupatana, ndipo wakeneranga kupempha chilolezo kwa Donald pambere wandayowoye pa wumba za nthengwa yawo.[41][43] The New York Times yikaphalira mu 1991 kuti Ivana wakapokera ndalama zakukwana $14 miliyoni, nyumba ya vipinda 45 ku Connecticut, nyumba ya mu Trump Plaza, kweniso mwaŵi wakugwiliskira ntchito Mar-a-Lago mwezi umoza chaka chilichose.[1]

Ntchito

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Pa nyengo iyo wakaŵa pa nthengwa na Donald, Ivana wakagwira maudindo ghakuru mu Trump Organization, wakagwira ntchito nga ni mulara mukuru kwa vyaka vinkhondi na viŵiri,[44] kusazgapo udindo wa vice president mukuru wa kapangidwe ka mukati mwa nyumba.[45][30] Wakalongozga kapangidwe ka mukati mwa Trump Tower, uwo ukumanyikwa na malibwe ghapinki gha marble.[45] Ivana wakimikika kuŵa CEO[46][47] kweniso pulezidenti wa Trump Castle Hotel and Casino ku Atlantic City, ndipo pamanyuma wakazgoka mulongozgi wa Plaza Hotel ku Manhattan.[48] Donald Trump wakati wapunda pa Visola vya mlongozgi wa United States mu 2016, wakakana pempho lake lakuti waŵe mbasada ku charu chake cha Czech Republic.[49]

Malonda

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Pati pajumpha nyengo yichoko waka kufuma pa kupatukana kwawo, Ivana wakamba kupanga mizere yake ya vyakuvwara, vyakuvwara vya mawoko, na vyakutozgera thupi, ivyo vikaguliskikanga kwizira mu mawayilesi gha kuguliska vinthu, kusazgapo Home Shopping Network[50] na QVC London.[51] Mu 1995, wakaŵa mulongozgi wa The House of Ivana, kampani ya mafashoni na vyakununkhira iyo yikaŵa na chipinda chakulongolera vinthu pa Park Avenue ku New York City.[50]

Mu 1998, Ivana wakamba kuchita malonda ku Croatia (uko ŵapapi ŵake ŵakatemwanga kuluta kukapumulira), agho ghakasazgapo kugura 33% ya nyuzipepara ya zuŵa na zuŵa yachiŵiri pakukura chomene mu charu ichi, Polo+10.[52][53]

Ntchito yakuzenga nyumba ya Bentley Bay yakudumbika na zina la Ivana ku Miami, Florida yikapempha chitetezo cha bankirapuse mu 2004.[54] Chaka chakalondezgapo wakachitako nawo ma projekiti ghanandi gha nyumba za ma condominium, kusazgapo Ivana Las Vegas, iyo yindazengeke.[54][55]

Mu 2010, Ivana wakasuma kampani ya mafashoni ya ku Finland ya Ivana Helsinki, wakayisuska kuti yikaguliskanga vyakuvwara vya ŵanakazi ivyo vikagwiliskiranga ntchito zina lake kwambura chilolezo chake.[56]

Kulemba

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Ivana wakalemba mabuku ghanandi, kusazgapo For Love Alone (1992), Free to Love (1993), na buku la kujovwira wekha lakuti The Best Is Yet to Come: Coping with Divorce and Enjoying Life Again (1995).[57] Trump wakalembanga nkhani zakupereka ulongozgi pa nkhani ya chitemwa na umoyo mu Globe, yakudanika kuti "Ask Ivana", kwambira mu Juni 1995 m'paka mu Janyuwale 2010.[58][59]

Mu Febuluwale 1999, Ivana wakambiska magazini yake ya umoyo yakudanika kuti Ivana's Living in Style.[60] Wakalembaso nkhani zakupereka ulongozgi mu Divorce Magazine mu 2001.[61]

Mu 2017, Ivana wakafumiska buku lake la mbiri ya umoyo, Raising Trump. Bukuli likulongosora umo wakakulira kweniso vyaka vyakwambilira vya kulera ŵana ŵake pamoza na Donald.[62][63]

Kuwonekera mu vya nkhani

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Ivana pa Life Ball ya 2009 mu Vienna

Ivana na Donald ŵakawonekera lumoza mu mapulogiramu ghanandi gha pa wayilesi ya kanema, kusazgapo The Oprah Winfrey Show mu Epulero 1988,[64] ndipo pamanyuma pake Wogan ya BBC mu Meyi 1988.[65] Pamanyuma pa kupatana na Donald, Ivana wakafumbika mafumbo na Barbara Walters pa pulogiramu ya ABC yakuti 20/20. Mu 1991, Donald wakalekeska kumupa ndalama za ndalama zakovwira munthu para ŵapatana pamanyuma pa kuyowoyeskana uku ndipo wakapharazga kuti wafumbenge Ivana ndalama chifukwa cha vyakunangiska.[66] Wakaweleraso ku The Oprah Winfrey Show mu 1992 na uthenga wakuti, "Nilolenge chara kuti ŵanalume ŵanilamulirenge so yayi."[67]

Ivana wakaŵa na gawo lichoko mu filimu ya Hollywood yakuti The First Wives Club (1996), apo wakayowoya kuti, "Ŵanakazi, mukwenera kuŵa ŵankhongono kweniso ŵakujiyimira ŵekha. Ndipo kumbukani: mungakwiyanga chara, kweni torani chilichose."[68] Wakaŵa mulongozgi wa pulogiramu ya TV ya Ivana Young Man, iyo yikawoneskeka pa Oxygen Network mu 2006. Mu pulogiramu iyi ya kusanga wokutemwana nayo, wakawovwira mwanakazi musambazi wa msinkhu wapakati kusanga munyamata muchoko wakuti waŵe nayo pa chitemwa.[22] Mu 2010, Ivana wakawonekera mu pulogiramu ya pa TV ya ku United Kingdom yakuti Celebrity Big Brother 7; wakamalizga pa malo gha nambara 7.[22]

Umoyo wa munthu

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Ivana wakatora kanayi. Nthengwa yake yakwamba, na Alfred Winklmayr, yikaŵa ya chilato cha kusanga uzika wa ku Austria.[6]

Ivana wakatora Donald Trump kufuma mu 1977 mpaka 1990, ndipo ŵakaŵa na ŵana ŵatatu, Donald Jr. mu 1977, Ivanka mu 1981, na Eric mu 1984.[69] Wakaŵa mwanakazi wa uzika wa United States mwakuzomerezgeka mu 1988.[70][71]

Mu Novembala 1995, Ivana wakatora Riccardo Mazzucchelli, mubizinesi wa ku Italy uyo wakachitanga malonda pa charu chose.[72][73] Ŵakapatukana mu 1997.[74] Chaka chenechicho, wakapeleka mulandu wa kuswa phangano wa madola 15 miliyoni ku Mazzucchelli chifukwa cha kuswa dango la kubisa vyamuchipatapata mu phangano lawo la pambere ŵandatore.[75] Mazzucchelli nayo wakasumba Ivana na mfumu wake wakale Donald ku khoti la Britain chifukwa cha kunanga zina.[73] Pamanyuma pake mulandu uwu ukamara pa mapangano agho ghakapharazgika yayi.[74]

Pakati pa 1997, Ivana wakamba kuchezga na mulesi wa ku Italy Count Roffredo Gaetani dell'Aquila d'Aragona Lovatelli.[76] Ubwezi wawo ukalutilira mpaka apo wakafwira mu 2005.[77]

Ivana wakachezganga na wakuseŵera wa mafilimu na mtundu wa ku Italy Rossano Rubicondi kwa vyaka vinkhondi na viŵiri pambere ŵandatorane pa Epulero 12, 2008.[78][79] Nthengwa na Rubicondi, uyo wakaŵa na vyaka 36, yikaŵa ya nambara yachinayi kwa Ivana, uyo wakaŵa mukuru kwa iyo na vyaka 23 ndipo wakaŵa na vyaka 59.[79] Nthengwa yawo ya madola 3 miliyoni, iyo yikawunganya ŵalendo 400, yikachitikira ku Mar-a-Lago ndipo yikalongozgeka na mfumu wake wakale Donald, apo mwana wake mwanakazi Ivanka wakaŵa msungwana mukuru wa ukwati.[80] Umo ukwati ukalongozgekera ukaŵa na Maryanne Trump Barry, uyo wakaŵa mudumbu wa Donald wakale.[79] Nangauli Ivana na Rubicondi ŵakapatukana pasi pajumpha chaka chimoza, ubwezi wawo ukalutilira mpaka mu 2019, apo Ivana wakapharazga kuti ŵaŵiriwo "ŵamara dankha".[22][81] Rubicondi wakafwa pa Okutobala 29, 2021, ali na vyaka 49, ndipo vikayowoyeka kuti wakafwa na melanoma.[82][83]

Ivana wakaŵa na ŵazukuru 10.[84] Muumaliro wa m'ma 2010, vikayowoyekanga kuti wakagaŵa nyengo yake pakati pa New York City, Miami, na Saint-Tropez.[22] Wakati wakayowoyanga mwakumanya Chicheki, Chingelezi, Chijeremani, Chifurenchi, na Chirasha.[45]

Mafumbo gha vya chitetezo

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Pa Febuluwale 14, 1989, Bungwe la Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) ku Washington, DC, likapempha kuti ŵambe kufufuza vya ubwezi wa Trump na Czechoslovakia chifukwa cha uthenga wakufuma ku munthu wakubisika. Kufufuza uku kukambika na ofesi ya FBI ya ku New York sabata yakulondezgapo ndipo kukuti kukatora vyaka viŵiri panji kujumpha.[85][86] Mu Malichi 2023, vikavumbukwa kuti Ivana wakafufuzikanga na dipatimenti ya FBI yakuwona vya ukazitape chifukwa cha milandu yakukhwaskana na charu chake cha Czechoslovakia.[87]

Bungwe la StB likamuzonda Ivana mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na m'ma 1980 apo wakalutanga kukawona awiske, Miloš Zelníček.[10][88]

Nyifwa

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Pa Julayi 14, 2022, Ivana wakafwa wali na vyaka 73 chifukwa cha vipweteko vikuru ku thupi pamanyuma pakuti wawa pa masitepu ghakuzingilizgika ghakukhora[89] pa nyumba yake ku Upper East Side ya Manhattan.[90][91] Mfumu wake wakale, Donald Trump, na ŵana ŵawo ŵatatu, pamoza na ŵandyali na ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa ŵanandi, ŵakalemba mauthenga gha chitima pa malo ghakusangirako vya pa intaneti.[92][69] Chisopo chake chikachitika pa Julayi 20 pa Mpingo wa St. Vincent Ferrer, Katolika uwo uli pafupi na nyumba yake.[93] Ivana wakasungika ku Trump National Golf Club Bedminster ku Bedminster, New Jersey.[94]

Ivana wakasida chuma chakukwana madola miliyoni 34.[95] Chigaŵa chikuru cha katundu wake chikapelekeka mwakuyana kwa Donald Jr., Ivanka, na Eric. Ŵanyake awo ŵakapokera ni mubwezi wake Evelyne Galet na Dorothy Curry, uyo wakaŵa mulezi wakale wa ŵana ŵa banja ili.[95][96]

Mafilimu na wayilesi

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Mabuku agho wakalemba

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Mutu Chaka Wakufumiska ISBN / ASIN
For Love Alone 1992 Pocket Books ISBN 978-0671790882
Free to Love 1993 Atria ISBN 978-0671743710
The Best Is Yet to Come: Coping with Divorce and Enjoying Life Again 1995 Pocket Books ISBN 978-0671865696
Raising Trump: Family Values from America's First Mother 2017 Gallery Books ISBN 978-1501177293

Mphotho na ntchindi

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Vyakulemba

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  1. 1 2 cs.
  2. ↑ Nkhani ya mulandu uwu yikalutilira mpaka mu 1991, apo ŵakafiska phangano pamanyuma pa kupatukana.[1]

Ukaboni

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  1. 1 2 Hylton, Richard D. (Nyakanyaka 21, 1991). "Trumps Settle; She Gets $14 Million Plus". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Vuna 25, 2015. Retrieved Thukila 13, 2021.
  2. ↑ Hurt III 1993, p. 96.
  3. ↑ "Zemřela Ivana Trumpová. První manželce Donalda Trumpa bylo 73 let". Týdeník Respekt. Respekt. Zimya 27, 2018. Archived from the original on Vula 31, 2023. Retrieved Vula 31, 2023.
  4. ↑ "Marie Zelníčková (born Francová)". myheritage.com. Archived from the original on Mpupulu 1, 2020. Retrieved Mphepo 1, 2019.
  5. ↑ Tolentino, Jia (Vula 4, 2017). "The Trumpishness of Ivana". The New Yorker (in American English). ISSN 0028-792X. Archived from the original on Matika 2, 2018. Retrieved Matika 3, 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Burleigh, Nina (Thukila 27, 2017). "Donald Trump's first ex-wife, Ivana, once wore homemade clothes. Now she spends holidays at Mar-a-Lago". Newsweek (in English). Archived from the original on Lupya 24, 2020. Retrieved Mpupulu 23, 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 Bell, Bill (Muswela 11, 1990). "They met, they saw and they conquered: Donald and Ivana Trump seemed to have it all". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on Thukila 18, 2020. Retrieved Mpupulu 23, 2020.
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