IPv6
Internet Protocol version 6 ( IPv6 ) ni mtundu wasono chomene wa Internet Protocol (IP), ndondomeko ya kuyowoyeskana iyo yikupeleka ndondomeko ya kumanyikwa na malo ya makompyuta pa ma network na kulongozga katundu wakwenda mu Intaneti yose. IPv6 yikapangika na Wupu wa Ntchito ya Uinjiniya wa Intaneti (Internet Engineering Task Force - IETF) kuti yilimbane na suzgo ilo lakhalila kulindizgika nyengo yitali la kumala kwa ma adiresi gha IPv4, ndipo yikaŵa na chilato cha kunjira m'malo mwa IPv4. Mu Disembala 1998, IPv6 yikaŵa Vipimo vya Mulembo vya IETF, iyo pamanyuma yikayikhozga kuŵa Vipimo vya kuzomelezgeka vya Intaneti pa 14 Julayi 2017. [1][2]
Vilwero pa Intaneti vikupelekeka adiresi ya IP yapadera kuti vimanyikwe ndipo na kulongosoleka kuti vili mpha. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa luŵiro kwa Intaneti pamanyuma pa malonda mu vyaka vya m’ma 1990, chikawoneka pakweru kuti ma adiresi ghanandi chomene ghakukhumbikwa kulumikizga vipangizo kuluska ma adiresi mabiliyoni 4 (232) agho IPv4 yikapelekanga. Kufika mu 1998, wupu wa IETF ukaŵa kuti wakhazikiska ndondomeko ya muthwanthi, IPv6. Iyi yikugwiriska nchito ma adiresi gha mabiti 128, ndipo yikupeleka malo gha ma adiresi ghakukwana 2128, 1038, panji 340 undecillion gha ma adiresi ghose pamoza. Nthowa zinandi zakusinthira zapangika kuti zizomerezge IPv4 na IPv6 kugwilira nchito pamoza, kweni IPv6 njakukolerana na IPv4 yayi ndipo vyose viŵiri vingagwira nchito mwakudunjika yayi.
IPv6 yikupereka viwemi-viwemi vinyake vyakusazgapo padera pa malo ghakuru ghakulembera. Chomene-mene, yikuzomerezga nthowa zakugaŵira maadiresi ghakulongozga izo zikovwira kuti nthowa ziŵe zakukwana pa Intaneti, ndipo ntheura zikuchepeska kukura kwa matebulo gha nthowa . Kugwiriskira ncito adiresi ya multicast kukusazgikira na kupangika kuŵa kwambura kusuzga, ndipo kukupereka kukhozga kwakusazgikira kwa kupeleka kwa uteŵeti. Kusezgeka kwa chirwero, uvikiliro, na kusintha kwa vinthu vyawonekera pakupanga ndondomeko iyi.
Maadiresi gha IPv6 ghakuyimilirika nga ni magulu eyiti gha madijiti ghanayi gha hexadecimal, ghakupatulika na makoloni. Kuyimilira kose kungafupikizgika mwakuyana na malango ghanyake; Mwachiyelezgero, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 yikuŵa 2001:db8::8a2e:370:7334 .
- ↑ "FAQs". New Zealand IPv6 Task Force. Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ↑ Siddiqui, Aftab (17 July 2017). "RFC 8200 – IPv6 Has Been Standardized". Internet Society. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 25 February 2018.